Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union sets out the conditions that member states must uphold in order to members of the EU - namely “the values of respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law, and respect for human rights” etc.
However, over the past decade anti-democratic tendencies have been identified in the young Central and Eastern European member states. Erosions of democracy have progressed furthest in Hungary and Poland: In Hungary, the concentration of power under Prime Minister Victor Orbán has steadily increased since 2010, and in 2020, in response to the coronavirus pandemic, the Hungarian Parliament approved a bill to make the state of emergency indefinite and grant the ability for Prime Minister Orbán to rule by decree. Poland has also seen continuous erosions such as measures that undermine the independence of the judiciary, allow the ruling party to dominate the media, and silence criticism from civil society. Threats to media freedom were seen in Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2018 and Croatia, Lithuania, Bulgaria and Romania faced problems in the fields of corruption and threats to the independence of the judiciary